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Understanding Dropout in Web-Based Interventions : Identifying Latent User Subgroups and Influencing Factors
Wrana, Jasper (2025) Understanding Dropout in Web-Based Interventions : Identifying Latent User Subgroups and Influencing Factors.
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Abstract: | Background: Web-Based Interventions (WBIs) offer promising solutions to the global mental health treatment gap. Despite advantages such as their accessibility and scalability, WBIs often suffer from high dropout rates. While both person- and intervention-related factors have been linked to early dropout, research has yet to fully explore the relationship between these elements. Therefore, this study investigates whether specific subgroups of users can be identified based on dropout patterns. Further, it explores what influence User Experience (UX) design choices, participants attitudes towards WBIs, and usability scores have on dropout patterns. Methods: Data were collected from 87 participants who dropped out of one of three WBIs developed during the COVID-19 pandemic. A Latent Profile Analysis (LPA) was conducted to identify groups of users based on age, education level, symptom severity, usability scores, and number of modules completed. Additional statistical tests were used to assess the impact of usability and UX design on adherence. Results: The LPA revealed four distinct user profiles, each differing in symptom severity (on scales measuring sleep disturbances, depression & anxiety), point of dropout, and demographic characteristics. One subgroup with moderate symptoms and high education levels, showed significantly higher module completion than the rest. However, hypothesis testing showed no significant relationship between system usability, user attitudes, or UX design features and adherence rates. Conclusion: The findings imply that dropout is not solely driven by usability or design choices but by a complex interplay of personal and contextual factors. Implementing a UX-focused design did not significantly improve adherence, and both highly symptomatic and low-symptom users dropped out for different reasons. These results highlight the need for more personalised, context-specific approaches when designing WBIs. |
Item Type: | Essay (Master) |
Faculty: | BMS: Behavioural, Management and Social Sciences |
Subject: | 77 psychology |
Programme: | Psychology MSc (66604) |
Link to this item: | https://purl.utwente.nl/essays/107661 |
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