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De waarde van drinking refusal self-efficacy in het drinkgedrag van licht verstandelijk gehandicapten

Rohaan, M. (2011) De waarde van drinking refusal self-efficacy in het drinkgedrag van licht verstandelijk gehandicapten.

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Abstract:Introduction: Since the nineties, the interest in substance abuse among individuals with borderline Intellectual Disability has grown. Some recent prospective studies suggests that substance abuse by these individuals has increased over the recent years, although the exact prevalence is currently unknown. Despite a lack of prevalence data, some information is known about potential factors that increase the risk of developing a substance abuse problem in this population. Especially social risk factors are a major influence. The Social Cognitive (Learning) Theory states that behavior is dynamic and follows from interactions between the person, behavior and the environment. The social environment and constructs, like self-efficacy, play a large role in this model. Among the general population, self-efficacy is often applied within substance related studies. Drinking refusal self-efficacy is a form of self-efficacy. The effect of alcohol consumption on drinking refusal self-efficacy, under persons with mild learning disabilities, is unknown. Within the general population, this correlation is moderately negative. Aims: This study aims to develop an instrument to measure drinking refusal self-efficacy among individuals with borderline Intellectual Disability and to test its reliability and validity. To find out what the discriminating power of this instrument is, differences between subpopulations, like sex, living environment and age, will be measured. The hypothesis is that men, young adults (up to 30 years) and people living independently with supervision, have a significantly lower drinking refusal self-efficacy than women, people older than 30 years and individuals residing in a care home. In addition, it will be studied whether the negative correlation between drinking refusal self-efficacy and alcohol consumption, that’s found in the general population, can also be detected among those with a borderline Intellectual Disability. Method: In this study a Dutch drinking refusal self-efficacy instrument has been designed for persons with a borderline Intellectual Disability, based on the Drinking Refusal Self-Efficacy Questionnaire-Revised, and tested on the internal consistency (Cronbach's α), construct validity (Principal Axis Factoring), the concurrent validity (Spearman’s ρ [rho]) and the discriminating power between groups (Analysis of variance and Mann-Whitney test). To measure alcohol consumption, the Alcohol Use Disorder Identification Test was used. In total, 101 individuals with a borderline Intellectual Disability participated in the study. Respondents came from one rehab clinic and five healthcare centers. The items of the drinking refusal self-efficacy questionnaire-revised were translated from English into Dutch. The instrument, conducted as a structured interview, was presented in a pretest to 10 borderline intellectual disabled persons. Following the pretest, no items were modified or deleted, and one new item was added. The adjustments to the instrument led to a new drinking refusal self-efficacy instrument for individuals with borderline Intellectual Disability, the Drinking Refusal Self-Efficacy Questionnaire-Revised Intellectual Disability. Results: The internal consistency was high (Cronbach's α = .93) and the three original subscales had a moderate to high correlation with each other and a high correlation with the entire instrument (r = .64 – .9). In addition, the concurrent validity was high (r = -.53), wherein the social pressure self-efficacy subscale was strongest related to the alcohol consumption (r = -.49), and the instrument shows distinctiveness between groups. Conclusion: The Drinking Refusal Self-Efficacy Questionnaire-Revised Intellectual Disability is reliable and has a high concurrent validity. To keep accepting the instrument as a reliable and valid instrument, the results will have to be replicated in future studies. This is particularly true for the discriminating power between various groups, such as the living environment. Keywords: Reliability, Drinking Refusal Self-Efficacy Questionnaire-Revised Intellectual Disability, DRSE, borderline Intellectual Disability, LVG, validity.
Item Type:Essay (Master)
Clients:
Tactus Verslavingszorg
Faculty:BMS: Behavioural, Management and Social Sciences
Subject:77 psychology
Programme:Psychology MSc (66604)
Link to this item:https://purl.utwente.nl/essays/61031
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