Gender differences in nonverbal behaviour of effective leaders : an explorative study

Even though not researched very often, nonverbal behaviour is of great importance in leadership research. This study shows the importance of transformational leadership and it shows that in addtion, it seems that gender and facial expression makes a significant difference in leadership effectiveness. Also, other nonverbal behaviours such as the use of "hedges", "intensifiers""and "tag questions are seen more by men than women. Besides the effect of gender on leadership effectiveness, this study shows that the visibility of nonverbal behaviour has a positive effect on organisational performance.