University of Twente Student Theses
The bidirectional causality of anxiety and smoking cessation
Toprakci, A.A. (2022) The bidirectional causality of anxiety and smoking cessation.
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| Abstract: | Introduction: Smokers with anxiety disorder are known to have worse smoking cessation outcomes. This is due to more severe withdrawal and anxiety symptoms and difficulty with treatment adherence. The aim of this study was to discover the predictability of anxiety on smoking cessation and whether smoking cessation is able to predict anxiety Methods: A RCT with two types of treatment was offered to the participants. The first type of treatment was a blended smoking cessation treatment, which combined the good of both internet-based and face-to-face treatments and the second was a face-to-face treatment. Results: Despite strong cross-sectional associations between anxiety and smoking cessation across all time points, only anxiety at 6 months showed a predictive effect on later smoking cessation. However, this was at the 9-month follow-up only (OR=1.1). Smoking cessation at 6 months also lead to lower anxiety over the duration of the intervention with large effect sizes at months 6 (p=.006, ηp2 = .067), 9 (p=.020, ηp2 = .073) and 15 (p=.017, ηp2 = .085). Discussion: All in all, a bidirectional causality between anxiety and smoking cessation was discovered with a stronger effect of smoking cessation on anxiety, albeit with some uncertainties as there was not a decrease in anxiety across all time-points. Anxiety was associated with smoking; however, baseline anxiety was not able to predict any sort of smoking cessation. This could be related to the high amount of drop-outs which could have led to some effects not being shown. Smoking cessation lead to lower anxiety levels across all time-points however at the 15-month mark anxiety did increase for the non-smoking group. The reason for this is not known and raises concerns about how much anxiety is able to predict as there are uncertainties for what may have caused this. Finally, for the difference in the types of treatment provided there was no conclusive evidence in this study whether a certain type of treatment could provide an increase in results. |
| Item Type: | Essay (Master) |
| Faculty: | BMS: Behavioural, Management and Social Sciences |
| Subject: | 77 psychology |
| Programme: | Psychology MSc (66604) |
| Link to this item: | https://purl.utwente.nl/essays/90454 |
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