University of Twente Student Theses
Exploring pain-related anxiety within Long-Covid-19 patients over time and the influential effect of sleeping problems : an experience sampling method-study
Dimitriadou, E.K. (2022) Exploring pain-related anxiety within Long-Covid-19 patients over time and the influential effect of sleeping problems : an experience sampling method-study.
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| Abstract: | Background. The SARS-CoV-2 virus evoked Long-Covid-19, marked by physical and mental complaints within infected individuals. However, few investigations have been made concerning the course and associations of prevalent symptoms of Long-Covid-19 over time by focusing on differences in symptom experience between and within people. Objective. The current study examined the mediating effect of sleeping problems on the association between pain and anxiety within Long-Covid-19 patients over time. Moreover, the present study investigated whether experiences of anxiety, pain, and sleeping problems differ between individuals (between-person) and fluctuate for an individual within a day over time individual (within-person). Method. The current study used the Experience Sampling Method (ESM) for 14 consecutive days among ten hospitalized Long-Covid-19 patients (Mage= 59.7 years; 50% females). State measures were assessed six times daily. The pain was assessed by four items derived from the Short-form McGill Pain Questionnaire (SF-MPQ-2). Anxiety was measured by a single item derived from the Hospital anxiety and depression scale (HADS). Sleeping problems were also assessed by a single item derived from more extensive questions. Results. Three Linear-Mixed-Model analyses were applied. The association between pain and anxiety was found to be a strong between-person effect (β = .69, SD = .12, p <.001), however no within-person effect (β = -.01, SD = .02, p = .41). The association between pain and sleeping problems also proved to be a moderate between-person effect (β = .37, SD = .14, p <.05) and no within-person effect (β = -.03, SD = .02, p <.08). The third LMM analysis revealed a non-significant association between sleeping problems and anxiety (β = .25, SE = .05, p = >.05). Therefore, no significant mediating effect of sleeping problems on the pain-anxiety association was found. Conclusion. Pain, anxiety, and sleeping problems were found to be mild to moderate prevalent symptoms in Long-Covid-19, which, however, differed between individuals, indicating different groups in symptom experience severity. Pain experienced from the previous day predicted night sleep problems and anxiety experiences in Long-Covid-19 patients, not found in Long-Covid-19 patients yet. Individuals differed in these symptom associations. Anxiety levels were not dependent on sleeping issues within the current sample, as identified in samples having high scores of those symptoms. Therefore, no supporting evidence for sleeping problems influencing the pain-anxiety association was found. 2 Introd |
| Item Type: | Essay (Master) |
| Faculty: | BMS: Behavioural, Management and Social Sciences |
| Subject: | 77 psychology |
| Programme: | Psychology MSc (66604) |
| Link to this item: | https://purl.utwente.nl/essays/91932 |
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