University of Twente Student Theses

Multimedia and Simulation Design for Effective Adult Learning: Implications for Educational VR : A systematic literature review into proven multimedia and simulation design principles

Winkelman, L.M. (2024) Multimedia and Simulation Design for Effective Adult Learning: Implications for Educational VR : A systematic literature review into proven multimedia and simulation design principles.

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Abstract:	In practical occupations it is often difficult to prepare employees fully for their responsibilities, due to high unpredictability of the job. Known on-the-job and off-the-job methods are often intensive methods that only prepare employees partially. The increased accessibility to IVR simulations therefore seems promising, digital simulations make it possible to combine real-life irregularities with the safety of a practice area. However, there is limited to no understanding how IVR simulations should be designed in order to help the individual learn. This thesis conducts two systematic literature reviews into multimedia educational design and educational simulations for adults. The first Study investigated proven multimedia educational design principles and investigated the different principles to reduce extraneous processing, manage essential processing, and foster generative processing. A total of nineteen articles were included in the results, in total for 31 experminetal groups the effect of multimedia design principles were investigated. It was found that few design principles lead to positive results in multiple experiments, these were the signalling-, spatial contiguity-, redundancy- and modality principle. The segmenting principle had varying results but could be promising when segments are divided into information provided before a task and during a task. Finally, the self-explanation- and worked example principles cannot be recommended for the design of IVR simulations for adults. The second Study investigated the potential simulation design principles for adult education. A total of four articles fulfilled the inclusion criteria of this systematic literature review. The results included different types of simulation and applied gamification. Although the results reported positive learning effects, it was unclear what caused these positive effects. Thus, unfortunately, this thesis cannot provide recommendations for IVR simulations for adults based on the results in Study 2. However, this thesis did shed light on an important trend in educational science. Namely, most of the knowledge that we currently have about effective educational design stems from research conducted in traditional school settings often with university or college students as participants. This knowledge cannot be generally applied to the targeted professional population, due to differences in age and literacy and numeracy skills. Overall, this thesis adds to the knowledge base about educational design for adults. The Studies lead to practical recommendations for educational design as well as a critical note related to the necessary future research. This thesis demonstrated that more input is needed to unveil what adults with different study backgrounds need to effectively learn skills.
Item Type:	Essay (Master)
Faculty:	BMS: Behavioural, Management and Social Sciences
Subject:	77 psychology, 81 education, teaching
Programme:	Educational Science and Technology MSc (60023)
Link to this item:	https://purl.utwente.nl/essays/97984
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