University of Twente Student Theses
Applying the MRT Design to Explore the Proximal Effect of PPIs on Cognitive Emotion Regulation : A Pilot Study
Eijsink, B. (2024) Applying the MRT Design to Explore the Proximal Effect of PPIs on Cognitive Emotion Regulation : A Pilot Study.
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| Abstract: | Background: The effects of positive psychological interventions (PPIs) are generally measured using a randomized controlled trial. However, because this design is limited in its capability to assess proximal effects, little research has been done on the effects of PPIs on emotion regulation. Micro-randomised trial (MRT) enables the analysis of proximal effects the intervention and thus might be a more appropriate design. This study aims to investigate the proximal and distal effects of PPIs on cognitive emotion regulation strategies self-blame, positive refocusing, rumination, positive reappraisal, and putting into perspective using an MRT design. Method: Participants (N=35, mean age=25.9, 82.1% female) engaged in a 15-day PPI. Each day, four micro trials were conducted with a 50% chance of receiving a positive psychology exercise. Five cognitive emotion regulation strategies were assessed before and after each trial. Well-being, depression, anxiety, and the cognitive emotion regulation strategies were assessed before and after the intervention. A mixed model was used to analyse both the proximal effects of the PPIs and the distal effects of the PPI program. Results: On a proximal level, a significant positive effect was found of PPIs on positive refocusing (b=0.122, p=.020). On a distal level, the PPI had a significant positive effect on positive refocusing (b=2.285, p=.012), well-being (b=3.214, p=.015), and a negative effect on depression (b=-2.107, p=.002) and anxiety (b=-1.750, p=.033). No significant effects have been found for self-blame, rumination, positive reappraisal, and putting into perspective Conclusion: The findings of this study suggest that PPIs improve positive refocusing both on a proximal and distal level, but have no effect on the other cognitive emotion regulation strategies. This suggests that PPIs might promote participants to focus on more positive things in life, but do not change the way they think about their problems. This study was the first to use an MRT design to measure the effects of psychological interventions. |
| Item Type: | Essay (Bachelor) |
| Faculty: | BMS: Behavioural, Management and Social Sciences |
| Subject: | 77 psychology |
| Programme: | Psychology BSc (56604) |
| Link to this item: | https://purl.utwente.nl/essays/98094 |
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