University of Twente Student Theses
Towards improved public transport in developing cities : stakeholders’ perspectives on transi-oriented development spatial planning support tool in Kigali city, Rwanda.
Nkubiyaho, Blaise (2024) Towards improved public transport in developing cities : stakeholders’ perspectives on transi-oriented development spatial planning support tool in Kigali city, Rwanda.
|
PDF
14MB |
| Abstract: | This research aimed to identify potential Transit-Oriented Development (TOD) locations to enhance Public Transport (PT) in developing cities, using Kigali City, Rwanda, as a case study. The study also sought to build a Planning Support System (PSS) prototype to help prioritize Bus Rapid Transit (BRT) development along the BRT Corridors proposed by the city. Primary data were collected via Key Informant Interviews (KIIs) with stakeholders, while secondary data were used to compute Potential TOD indicators such as population density, commercial density, employment density, business density, land use diversity, land use mix, intersection density, and the total length of roads suitable for walking and cycling. These indicators underwent Spatial Multicriteria Analysis (SMCA) to create a TOD Index. The findings revealed a mean TOD Index of 0.28495 and a median of 0.29993 across approximately 8,459 grid cells of 300300m each in the city. High TOD index values (greater than 0.5) were found in the city centre, reflecting favourable conditions for TOD due to higher densities, better transit connectivity, and diverse land uses. Conversely, peri-urban and peripheral areas exhibited low TOD index values (ranging from 0 to 0.2) due to lower population densities, limited transit connectivity, and less diverse land use patterns. Spatial statistical analysis using Global Moran's I demonstrated significant positive spatial autocorrelation and clustering of high TOD index values. The Getis-Ord Gi and Anselin Local Moran's I statistics identified significant hotspots, particularly in central urban areas, indicating areas that would benefit most from transit connectivity improvements and TOD interventions. To test the PSS Prototype, variables for population, commercial, employment, and business densities were used in CommunityViz to derive the TOD Index at each BRT Corridor. Two scenarios were set: the Base scenario considered the current situation, while the Increased Density scenario accounted for the city's dynamic changes. In the Base scenario, BRT Corridor 2 was the most favourable with a mean TOD Index of 0.21, while BRT Corridor 4 was the least favourable. In the Increased Density scenario, BRT Corridor 2 remained the most favourable, validating its potential for TOD implementation. The PSS prototype demonstrated potential for interactive analysis to prioritize BRT development, providing urban planners and policymakers with actionable insights. This study concluded that TOD could effectively address urban mobility challenges. However, tailored strategies that consider local contexts and involve stakeholders are essential. Policy recommendations include expanding the PT network to connect the city centre with peripheral areas, encouraging mixed-use development to create vibrant, walkable neighbourhoods, redistributing services across the city, providing economic incentives for investment in peripheral areas, prioritizing affordable housing to prevent displacement, and enhancing capacity-building initiatives for planners. Continuous data integration and user feedback are crucial for refining the PSS tool. Limitations to this study included the unavailability of socioeconomic data and a constrained timeframe. These limitations affected the in-depth exploration of the PSS prototype. Future research should focus on integrating more datasets to enhance the tool's functionality and relevance. This integration may provide a better representation of urban conditions, enabling more precise planning and policy decisions. The City of Kigali can benefit from the tool by having more data, thus enhancing its TOD planning strategies. |
| Item Type: | Essay (Master) |
| Faculty: | ITC: Faculty of Geo-information Science and Earth Observation |
| Subject: | 38 earth sciences |
| Programme: | Geoinformation Science and Earth Observation MSc (75014) |
| Link to this item: | https://purl.utwente.nl/essays/106124 |
| Export this item as: | BibTeX EndNote HTML Citation Reference Manager |
Show download statistics for this publication
Show download statistics for this publicationRepository Staff Only: item control page