Environmental justice movements in Europe articulate transitional justice through four primary mechanisms: reparation, legal accountability, institutional reform, and truth‐telling. Drawing on cases from water governance (Ahr Valley floods, Doñana aquifer depletion) and extractive conflicts (Hambach lignite mining, Retortillo uranium project), this study examines how local histories of sudden disasters, slow‐onset degradation, and imposed extraction shape demands made by social movements. Water movements emphasize technocratic, data‐driven frames and cooperative governance, mobilizing volunteers, scientific monitoring, and EU legal precedents. Extractive movements deploy moral‐rights language and combine direct action with strategic litigation to challenge corporate‐state collusion. Coalition structures range from institutionalized multi‐stakeholder forums to ad hoc alliances, reflecting each context’s political opportunity. Across all, a forward‐looking justice ethos prevails, prioritizing prevention over restoration and embedding ecological and social repair within democratic accountability. This comparative analysis highlights both convergence around shared justice principles and divergence in strategies tailored to specific ecological and governance challenges.