Characterization of IRONSperm clusters : the effect of frequency actuation, concentration, shape and composition.

IRONSperm clusters are potentially considered the next-generation biohybrid microrobots for targeted drug delivery. In this research, the biohybrid microrobot IRONSperm clusters were investigated. IRONSperm consists of bull sperm cells and magnetic nanoparticles. The IRONSperm clusters were characterized considering the different concentrations of nanoparticles compared to the rolling velocity. The results showed that the optimal actuation frequency was at the cut-off frequency. Furthermore, it was observed that the IRONSperm cluster were highly inconsistent and unstable. This made the predictions of the results inconclusive. Based on this research it is recommended to have a process developed for the fabrication of IRONSperm in a homogeneous and stable manner.