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AI use in healthcare : Exploring how healthcare AI impacts work practices and collaborative work among healthcare professionals

Bachem, S. (2023) AI use in healthcare : Exploring how healthcare AI impacts work practices and collaborative work among healthcare professionals.

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Abstract:Although AI use is rapidly rising in healthcare, its impacts on healthcare work remain unknown. This study investigated how the use of an AI-driven clinical decision support system for the diagnosis or treatment of patients shapes work practices and impacts the collaborative work of healthcare professionals in a hospital. The theory of technology affordances and constraints was integrated with the theoretical concept of work characteristics to approach the topic. An exploratory case study of a healthcare team in a Dutch hospital that implemented an AI system to aid the diagnosis of epilepsy was conducted, involving observation and interview sessions with team members. The study results show that the AI system’s development and initial use already affected the healthcare professionals’ current work. In addition, AI use differed among groups and across groups of healthcare professionals. Moreover, the new concept of predictable AI affordances was suggested, referring to affordances that users predict the AI to offer in the future. This study adds new and supports existing considerations about AI perceptions and their implications for work. Further, it shows the value of an affordance perspective to AI developers and managers in hospitals for understanding and responding to how users perceive an AI technology.
Item Type:Essay (Master)
Faculty:TNW: Science and Technology
Subject:01 general works
Programme:Health Sciences MSc (66851)
Link to this item:https://purl.utwente.nl/essays/96898
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